基于区域监测站的BDS定轨策略分析     

王乐  黄观文  张勤  燕兴元  秦志伟  王利  崔博斌 《大地测量与地球动力学》2018,38(5):497-503

围绕影响轨道精度和实时性的5个要素（模糊度分类固定、测站数量、定轨弧长、太阳光压模型和多系统组合）展开研究，得出区域测站分布下的定轨优选策略。实验表明，选取中国区域27个均匀分布的地面区域监测站，利用72 h弧长观测数据，采用ECOM 5参数简化太阳光压摄动模型、BDS/GPS双系统联合定轨可达到较好的精度，其中GEO卫星轨道精度约291 cm，IGSO/MEO卫星轨道精度优于11 cm。若BDS单系统采用上述策略进行定轨，也可达到GEO卫星299 cm和IGSO/MEO卫星14.4 cm的近似等价定轨精度。  相似文献   

基于EEMD-SARIMA的对流层延迟预测模型研究     

任超  刘中流  梁月吉  甘祥前 《大地测量与地球动力学》2018,38(9):953-957

在无气象数据的条件下，提出一种基于集合经验模态分解（EEMD）和季节性自回归移动平均模型（SARIMA）的对流层延迟（ZTD）预报新方法，并分别选取长春、上海、乌鲁木齐3个地区4个季节的ZTD数据进行预测分析。结果表明，基于EEMD-SARIMA的ZTD改正预报模型能够满足不同地区、不同季节下的ZTD估计需求，是一种高精度的ZTD预报方法。  相似文献   

一套有效简易验潮站建设方案的设计     

刘望华  董炜烽 《海洋技术学报》2018,(2):110-113

简易验潮站具有投资少、见效快的优点,是长期验潮站的一种有益补充。作者对厦门地区简易验潮站建设与应用情况进行了系统总结,提出了一种简易验潮站的建设方案。该方案经实践检验证明可以解决在一定环境条件下简易验潮站长期、连续、准确验潮的问题,从而提高社会效益和经济效益,具有良好的推广示范价值。  相似文献   

GPS约束下陇西地区断裂带现今滑动速率的非连续接触模拟研究     

孟庆筱  景鹏旭  何申海  党学会 《大地测量与地球动力学》2018,38(12):1227-1231

以中国地壳运动观测网络1999、2001、2004和2007年4期GPS观测数据为边界条件，使用非连续接触有限元技术构建陇西块体二维有限元模型，在摩擦系数不确定性分析基础上，计算区内主要断裂带滑动速率。结果表明，现今地壳形变运动状态下陇西块体的北东向运动在海原断裂附近受到鄂尔多斯块体、阿拉善块体阻碍，陇西块体周缘的海原断裂带、老虎山断裂、西秦岭北缘断裂呈现左旋走滑特征，滑动速率为3.5 mm/a、2.2 mm/a和1.9 mm/a，说明在青藏高原推挤作用下以上关键部位正在进行快速的构造应变积累。  相似文献   

西太平洋暖池1990s中期的年代际扩张对夏季登陆中国台风的影响     

杨宇星  郑建 《海洋与湖沼》2018,49(1):1-8

应用美国联合预警中心(Joint Typhoon Warning Center,JTWC)的台风最佳路径资料、美国国家海洋大气局(National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,NOAA)的扩展海表面温度资料以及美国国家环境预报中心(National Centers for Environmental Prediction,NCEP)和美国国家大气科学研究中心(National Center for Atmospheric Research,NCAR)的大气环流场资料,研究了20世纪90年代西太平洋暖池(简称暖池)年代际扩张对西北太平洋台风和登陆中国沿岸台风的影响。研究发现,相比于暖池扩张前期(1965—1992),后期(1993—2013)台风生成在西北太平洋中部区域(10°—20°N,135°—145°E)显著减弱,在10°—20°N,145°—160°E区域和南海北部区域则表现出增多的特点。台风移动路径变异特征呈现为移动进入南海和登陆中国东部沿岸的西行和西北行路径减少,登陆日本的转向型路径增多,同时登陆我国海南岛和东南部沿岸的台风增多。进一步探查这种影响的可能原因发现,与暖池扩张密切相关的太平洋年代际变化引起的纬向环流的变异是西北太平洋中部台风生成减少的主要原因;而南海北部台风生成增多则归因于南海区域局地环流特征的变异。同时,南海北部台风生成增多是登陆我国海南岛和东南沿岸台风增多的主要决定因素。  相似文献   

Galileo广播星历评估及其对定位精度的影响     

韩德强  党亚民  庞辉  薛树强  杨强  张龙平 《大地测量与地球动力学》2018,38(11):1165-1169

分析现阶段伽利略空间信号的精度，并评估伽利略广播星历及其对单点定位的影响。统计30 d健康卫星广播星历，结果表明，FOC和IOV两种类型的广播星历卫星轨道误差优于0.8 m，并且径向误差最小，法向误差次之，切向误差最大；伽利略卫星的钟差误差精度达到1.0 ns；从空间信号测距误差对伽利略卫星进行整体分析，广播星历精度优于1.0 m，FOC与IOV卫星精度相当；用广播星历进行事后单点定位的精度可以达到dm级。  相似文献   

Identification of modal parameters of a 600-m-high skyscraper from field vibration tests     

Junwei Zhang  Qiusheng Li 《地震工程与结构动力学》2019,48(15):1678-1698

Accurate prediction of the dynamic responses of a high-rise building subjected to dynamic loads such as earthquake and wind excitations requires the information of its structural dynamic properties such as modal parameters including natural frequencies and damping ratios. This paper presents the identification results of the modal parameters based on field vibration tests on a 600-m high skyscraper. A set of tests, including ambient vibration test (AVT) and free vibration test (FVT), were conducted on the skyscraper to identify its modal parameters. Firstly, this paper presents and discusses the modal parameters of the skyscraper assessed by several identification methods applied to the AVT measurements. These methods include the wavelet transform (WT) method, the stochastic subspace identification (SSI) method, and the random decrement technique (RDT). Secondly, an active mass damper (AMD) system with total mass 1000 tons equipped into the skyscraper was used to excite the building for estimation of the modal parameters by FVT. Thirdly, this paper presents observations on the structural dynamic behavior of the skyscraper with the operation of the AMD system during a typhoon event. The field measurement results show that the AMD system functioned efficiently for suppression of the wind-induced vibrations of the skyscraper during the typhoon. This paper aims to further understand the structural dynamic properties of super-tall buildings and provide useful information for structural design and vibration control of future skyscrapers.  相似文献   

Development of detachable replaceable links for eccentrically braced frames     

Mehmet Bakır Bozkurt  Sina Kazemzadeh Azad  Cem Topkaya 《地震工程与结构动力学》2019,48(10):1134-1155

Eccentrically braced frames (EBFs) can be repaired after a major earthquake by replacing the links. The link replacement is not a straightforward process and is influenced by the type of the link and the amount of residual frame deformations. The past decade has witnessed the development of different types of replaceable links such as end-plated links, web connected links, bolted flange and web spliced links, and collector beam and brace spliced links. All of the developed replaceable link details, except the web connected links, are not suitable for link replacement under residual frame drift. In this paper, a detachable replaceable link detail which is based on splicing the link at its mid-length is proposed. The detail is well suited for installation under residual frame drifts. In addition, the weight and size of the members to be transported and erected are reduced significantly, thereby facilitating the replacement procedure. Performance of this proposed replaceable link is studied by conducting six nearly full scale EBF tests under quasi-static cyclic loading. The link length ratio, type of end-plated mid-splice connection, and the amount of residual drift are considered as test variables. The test results revealed that the inelastic rotation capacity of the detachable replaceable links exceeds the requirements of the AISC Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings. No failures are observed in the end-plated mid-splice connections demonstrating the potential of the proposed details. The detachable replaceable links are investigated by numerical analysis as well to further validate their applicability and to develop design recommendations.  相似文献   

连续台风时期香港区域的水汽变化分析     

周苏娅  闻德保  梅登奎 《大地测量与地球动力学》2020,40(1):82-86

利用香港卫星定位参考站网GNSS观测数据,提取强热带风暴"塔拉斯"与热带风暴"洛克"影响期间各测站天顶方向对流层延迟,反演香港区域大气可降水量;根据香港区域49个天文台气象站提供的实测降雨量数据,分析大气可降水量与实际降雨量的相关性,以及两次台风对香港区域水汽时空分布的不同影响。结果表明,大气可降水量在台风影响前期均上升,在大量降雨后回落,但在连续台风的间歇期间,仍高于台风来临前的水平;水汽累积是大量降雨的前提条件,当水汽累积量相近时,水汽累积时长与累积降雨量呈正相关;台风期间大气可降水量值超过65 mm的区域面积与台风等级相关,台风路径对局部水汽分布有一定的影响。  相似文献   

MEEMD-Elman神经网络的电离层TEC预报模型     

汤俊  高鑫 《大地测量与地球动力学》2020,40(4):395-399

利用IGS中心提供的不同纬度的电离层TEC值,建立基于改进的集总平均经验模态分解(MEEMD)算法和Elman回归神经网络(ERNN)模型相结合的电离层TEC预报模型。实验结果表明,在低、中、高不同纬度采用本文方法预报5 d电离层TEC的预测值的均方根误差最优可达到0.96 TECu,相对精度最优达到95.4%,精度较EMD-ERNN模型及单一ERNN模型有显著提高。  相似文献